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Commonly Used Heat Treatment Methods for Gears

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_MG_81051. Surface quenching Surface quenching is generally used for medium carbon steel and medium carbon alloy steel. After surface quenching, the tooth surface hardness can reach HRC52~56, with good wear resistance and high tooth surface contact strength. Surface quenching methods include high-frequency quenching and flame quenching.


2. Carburizing, carburizing and quenching are used to treat low carbon steel and low carbon alloy steel. After carburizing and quenching, the tooth surface hardness can reach HRC56~62, the tooth surface contact strength is high, the wear resistance is good, and the tooth core still maintains high toughness. It is often used for important gear transmission under impact load.


3. Quenching and tempering treatment is generally used to treat medium carbon steel and medium carbon alloy steel. After quenching and tempering, the tooth surface hardness can reach HBS220~260.


4. Normalizing can eliminate internal stress, refine grains, and improve mechanical properties and cutting performance. Normalizing treatment of medium carbon steel can be used for gear transmission with low mechanical strength requirements.


After heat treatment, gears with tooth surface hardness HBS≤350 are called soft tooth surface gears, which are mostly used in medium and low speed machinery. When both the large gear and the small gear have soft tooth surfaces, the small gear tooth surface hardness should be 20~50HBS higher than the large gear tooth surface hardness, considering that the small gear tooth root is thinner, the bending strength is low, and the load number is larger.


Gears with a tooth surface hardness of HBS>350 are called hardened gears, and the final heat treatment is performed after the gear teeth are cut. Since the heat treatment of the rear gear teeth will deform, gears with high precision requirements need to be ground. When the large gear and the small gear have hardened tooth surfaces, the hardness of the small gear should be slightly higher, which can be equal to that of the large gear.


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